Rare Birds in The Netherlands in 2004

Roland E van der Vliet, Jan van der Laan & CDNA

This is the 25th annual report on rare birds in the Netherlands to be published in Dutch Birding. This report comprises records from 2004 as well as belated and reconsidered records, dating back to 1892, which have been evaluated by the Dutch rarities committee, the Commissie Dwaalgasten Nederlandse Avifauna (CDNA). Several 2004 records are still under review or awaiting submission and could therefore not be included. In addition, some records for 2003 and earlier years are still under consideration for various reasons.
Details included for each record are, if available: date(s); location and/or municipality (municipal divisions as on 1 January 2004); province; number of birds if more than one, plumage and sex; type of record if trapped, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed or found dead (and where specimen is stored); names of up to three observers involved in finding, identifying and recording, and relevant references in the literature, which normally include (inter)national but not regional journals, and published photographs. Records from 2003 continuing into 2004 that were already published in the 2003 report (van der Vliet et al 2004) are repeated here without references, for the sake of completeness. Observations not (yet) submitted mentioned in the 2003 report are not repeated in this report and the CDNA recommends consulting the 2003 report for these. Sequence of the records in the species accounts is from the current year backwards, with records within one year presented chronologically. A compilation of most of the birds videoed can be found in Boon (2005) and Plomp et al (2005). Numbers after each (sub)species’ name refer to the total number of individuals 1 from 1 January 1800 to 31 December 1979, 2 since 1 January 1980 but excluding 3 the current year. Taxa marked with an asterisk * are new to the Dutch list.
The following CDNA members voted on some or all of the records in this report: Theo Bakker, Max Berlijn, Ruud E Brouwer, A (Bert) de Bruin (secretary), Nils van Duivendijk (archivist), Teus J C Luijendijk, Laurens B Steijn, Roland E van der Vliet (chairman) and Pim A Wolf. Records can be submitted through email (cdna@dutchbirding.nl) or via the CDNA site on the Dutch Birding website (www.dutchbirding.nl), using an electronic submission form. Records can also be sent by ordinary mail to CDNA, Postbus 45, 2080 AA Santpoort-Zuid, the Netherlands, preferably using standard forms which can be obtained free of charge from the CDNA. On the website, it is possible to see which records are currently under review, which were recently accepted and which were rejected.
Decisions regarding taxonomy have been delegated to the Dutch committee for avian systematics, the Commissie Systematiek Nederlandse Avifauna (CSNA) which on 1 January 2004 consisted of the following members: Arnoud B van den Berg, André J van Loon, C S (Kees) Roselaar and George Sangster (secretary).
In 2004, at least 362 species were recorded, almost equal to 2003, when 363 were recorded. At least two are new to the Dutch list, Rock Bunting Emberiza cia and Grey-necked Bunting E buchanani. Other possible new species, Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris, Bufflehead Bucephala albeola and Ashy-headed Wagtail Motacilla cinereocapilla, are still under consideration for various reasons. Taxa added to the Dutch list from previous years are Sykes’s Warbler Acrocephalus rama from 1986 (previously accepted as Booted Warbler A caligatus), African Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs africana/spodiogenys from 1999 (with a subsequent record of an Atlas Chaffinch F c africana in 2003), Western Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanicafrom 2001 and Eastern Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros phoenicuroides from 2003. Highlights from 2004 are the second Western Black-eared Wheatear, the third Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus, Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca, Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus and Baltic Gull Larus fuscus fuscus, the fourth Red-necked Stint C ruficollis, and the fifth Franklin’s Gull L pipixcan, Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus and Pallas’s Grasshopper Warbler Locustella certhiola. 2004 is a record year for Short-toed Eagle Circaetus gallicus, Lesser Yellowlegs T flavipes, Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus (equalling 2003), Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica, White’s Thrush Zoothera aurea, River Warbler L fluviatilis, Dartford Warbler Sylvia undata and Iberian Chiffchaff Phylloscopus ibericus(equaling 2002, with an additional report still in circulation). For 2003, two additional records for both Paddyfield Warbler A agricola and Blyth’s Reed Warbler A dumetorum make it the best year ever for these two species, whereas, also for 2003, a! nother accepted Hume’s Leaf Warbler P humeitakes the total for that year to a record six. On the other hand, for 2004, no records have been accepted for, eg, King Eider Somateria spectabilis, Eurasian Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus, Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius and Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola. The recovery – and subsequent re-acceptance – of a mounted specimen of a Cream-coloured Courser Cursorius cursor collected in November 1909 represents, in retrospect, the first record of this species.
Reviews in progress involve records of Whistling Swan Cygnus columbianus, Siberian Chiffchaff P collybita tristis(the first results are presented in this report) and Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (regarding identification as well as status). The results of a review of field records of Booted Warbler (to establish if Sykes’s Warbler is involved) and of all spring records of Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus are presented in this report.

Systematic list of accepted records

Ross's Goose / Ross' Gans
Anser rossii 0,5,0

17-18 February and 13-27 April, Ferwerderadeelsbuitenpolder, Ferwerderadiel, Friesland, maximum of two (on 21-27 April) (R Cazemier et al), and 5-23 March, Oostvaardersplassen, Almere and Lelystad, Flevoland, and Polder IJdoorn, Durgerdam, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, photographed (R E Alma, L B Steijn, G H Steinhaus et al), and 2 May to 5 June, Oostvaardersplassen, Almere, Flevoland, photographed, adult, white morph (M Wielstra et al); 7 May, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult, white morph (M P Olthoff et al); 16 October into 2005, Rammegors and Scherpenissepolder, Tholen, and Yerseke, Reimerswaal, Zeeland, and Ouddorp, Goedereede, and Slikken van Flakkee, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland, adult, white morph, photographed (B de Bruijn, P A Wolf et al); 19 December, Hurwenensche Uiterwaarden, Rossum, Gelderland, adult, white morph, photographed (P van de Braak).
2003 16 February, Mirns, Gaasterlân-Sleat, Friesland, photographed (B Steffen, G Sennert); 25 December to 8 April 2004, Rammegors and Scherpenissepolder, Tholen, and Yerseke, Reimerswaal, Zeeland, and Ouddorp, Goedereede, and Slikken van Flakkee, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland, adult, white morph, photographed (M van Dijl et al; Dutch Birding 26: 142, plate 205, 2004).
A ‘normal’ winter for this Nearctic goose, with the usual small number of returning birds (minimum of two but possibly more); it is hard to establish how many individuals are actually involved.

Greenland White-fronted Goose / Groenlandse Kolgans
Anser albifrons flavirostris 14,53,10

31 January, Diepenhoek, Someren-Heide, Someren, Noord-Brabant, first-winter, photographed (R J Kastelijn, J Kastelijn); 15-17 February, Polder Q, Petten, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, eight, adult, photographed (M C Witte, L Stegeman, R E Brouwer et al); 3 April, Garrelsweer, Loppersum, Groningen, adult (M P Olthoff, B-J Prak et al).
The group at Petten is the third-largest ever recorded, after 10 at the same site in January 2002 and nine at Slochteren, Groningen, in February 2002. Reports of two birds at Abbegea (Abbega), Friesland, on 3 January, one near Vlaardingen, Zuid-Holland, on 5 March, and two near Garrelsweer on 11-17 December have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004, 2005).

Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese Gans
Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii 0,6,0

16-22 March, Anjumerkolken and Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, photographed (R Cazemier, A de Bruin et al), and 21 March, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen (M P Olthoff).
2003 17 December to 14 February 2004, Ferwoude, Wûnseradiel, Friesland, photographed, videoed (S Bot, M Berlijn, L J R Boon et al; Dutch Birding 26: 71, plate 130, 2004).
These records are considered to refer to the same bird, constituting the sixth record. Previous records are from 1997 (two) and 1998 (three; cf Berlijn & CDNA 2002).

Black Brant / Zwarte Rotgans
Branta nigricans 7,89,-

1990 14 October, De Schorren, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult (H R Russer, E P Russer).
This bird is considered to be one of up to two present on Texel in March 1991 and following winters (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1999 but the CDNA still welcomes records before this date.

Marbled Duck / Marmereend
Marmaronetta angustirostris 0,0,0

A bird near Pannerden, Gelderland, on 14-16 August is still in circulation (cf Winters 2004; Birding World 17: 328, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 346, plate 491, 357, plate 512-513, 2004).

Ring-necked Duck / Ringsnaveleend
Aythya collaris 5,17,1

25 May to 22 August, Horsmeertjes, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed, videoed (N L M Gilissen, M Hornman, A Wassink et al; Ornithol Jaarversl Texel 2004: 9, 2005).
1994 26-27 April, Westdorpe, Sas van Gent, Zeeland, adult male (J van de Steen, W R L Mahu).
The third record in May and the first of a summering bird. Of the 23 records, 20 are from January to May, with April as best month with six records. The other three records are from November. All records refer to males except for females in 1996 and 2001.

Lesser Scaup / Kleine Topper
Aythya affinis 0,5,1

17 March, Oosterschenge, Goes, Zeeland, adult male, photographed (M Hoekstein, P A Wolf, P L Meininger et al).

White-headed Duck / Witkopeend
Oxyura leucocephala 5,9,0

1991 7-29 December, Zuiderdiep, Stellendam, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, first-winter or female, photographed (M Hoekstein et al).
This concerns a date extension.

Surf Scoter / Brilzee-eend
Melanitta perspicillata 3,10,2

18 January to 7 February, Brouwersdam, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, and Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, first-winter male, photographed, videoed (R van Ouwerkerk, C Giljam, M Berlijn et al; Dutch Birding 26: 142, plate 206, 2004); 10 October, Vlieland, Friesland, adult male (H van Oosterhout).
The Vlieland bird was seen during a sea watch. A report at Camperduin, Noord-Holland, on 6 November has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004, 2005).

Bufflehead / Buffelkopeend
Bucephala albeola 0,0,0

Several reports from the winter 2004-05 remain in circulation to establish the status and number of birds involved (cf Berlijn 2005; Dutch Birding 27: 71, plate 79, 2005).

Falcated Duck / Bronskopeend
Mareca falcata 0,7,0

2003 23 December to 22 May 2004, Harlingen, and Surch (Zurich) and Koarnwert (Cornwerd), Wûnseradiel, Friesland, male, photographed, videoed.

American Wigeon / Amerikaanse Smient
Mareca americana 5,41,1

19 November to 11 January 2005, Heerpolderweg, Schelphoek and Middelplaten, Goes, Zeeland, first-winter male, photographed (N de Schipper, M Berlijn, N Oele et al).
2003 4-5 January, Kraaijenbergse Plassen, Cuijk, Noord-Brabant, adult male, photographed (E van Winden, R Winters, P Palmen et al); 7 January to 16 February, Surch (Zurich) and Koarnwertersân (Kornwerderzand), Wûnseradiel, Friesland, male, photographed (R Cazemier, S Bernardus, J Bisschop).
2000 31 December, Spaarnwoude, Haarlemmerliede en Spaarnwoude, Noord-Holland, adult male (R E Brouwer).
A poor year with only one record; remarkably, no other reports were mentioned in van Dongen et al (2004, 2005).

Blue-winged Teal / Blauwvleugeltaling
Anas discors 6,24,1

18 May to 29 June, Horsmeertjes, Groote Vlak and Hoornderslag, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (K Ophoff, W Hartholt, P Groot et al; Dutch Birding 26: 274, plate 404, 276, plate 407, 2004).
1998 9 April, Rijkerswoerdse Plassen, Elst, Gelderland, adult male (V de Boer, H Tamerius, T Buijs).
1995 17 January, Stadsfenne, Sneek, Friesland, adult female (J Bisschop).
1993 4 and 25 December, Stadsfenne, Sneek, Friesland, adult female, photographed (R Mulder, J Bisschop).
The records of late 1993 and early 1995 are assumed to refer to a single returning bird; winter records, females and birds returning in two subsequent years are all exceptional, so this record is special in multiple ways. Reports at Camperduin, Noord-Holland, on 15 April 2003 and 31 March 2004 have only recently been submitted.

Green-winged Teal / Amerikaanse Wintertaling
Anas carolinensis 6,26,2

17 April, De Slufter, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (M C Witte, A Wassink, P Duin et al; Dutch Birding 26: 214, plate 296, 2004); 5-7 June, Delfzijl, Groningen, adult male, photographed (A Boven, B-J Prak, M Bot et al).
A report on 18 April at Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Yellow-billed Loon / Geelsnavelduiker
Gavia adamsii 21,14,0

1973 1 February, Terschelling, Friesland, adult female, found dead, skull retained in private collection E Soldaat (E Soldaat).
This species has become a major rarity; 21 (60%) records were before 1980, seven between 1980 and 1990 and five between 1990 and 2000, showing an obvious decrease. The absence of long freezing winters could be the main cause. There are two records after 2000, in October 2001 and January 2002.

Cory’s/Scopoli’s Shearwater / Kuhls/Scopoli’s Pijlstormvogel
Calonectris borealis/diomedea 0,5,0

2003 8 October, Westerslag, Texel, Noord-Holland (P Steenbergen, D Groenendijk, J Wierda et al).
1997 21 Augustus, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland (N F van der Ham).
The fourth and fifth record for this species pair, and the firsts to be accepted since the split of ‘Cory’s Shearwater C diomedea’ into two species in 2000. The three previous records were all fly-bys at Camperduin, Noord-Holland, on 29 October 1986, 17 September 1990 and 18 May 1991 (four collected birds all concern C borealis). Cory’s/Scopoli’s Shearwater and Great Shearwater Puffinus gravis remain extreme rarities in the Netherlands, despite the growing number of birders and the almost permanent seawatching at some points along the North Sea coast. Unfortunately, these taxa are not considered separately by the British rarities committee (BBRC), thus not enabling an easy comparison, although numbers reported on the British North Sea coast seem to be much higher and on an annual basis.

European Storm-petrel / Stormvogeltje
Hydrobates pelagicus 0,125,0

1998 14 July, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland (N F van der Ham); 18 July, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland (N F van der Ham); 15 September, Petten, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, two (R E Brouwer); 31 October, Petten, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, two (R E Brouwer); 31 October, Bergen aan Zee, Bergen, Noord-Holland, three (N F van der Ham).
The records in July 1998 are only the second and third for that month (after one found dead at Valkenisse, Zeeland, on 1 July 1954). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1999 (there are now 125 individuals recorded in 1982-98) but the CDNA still welcomes all records before this date.

Dalmatian Pelican / Kroeskoppelikaan
Pelecanus crispus 1,0,0

1976 2-4 January, ‘t Mirnster Klif, Gaasterlân-Sleat, Friesland (R Goldbach, E Goldbach-van Hoorn), and 12 August to 5 September, Ventjagersplaat, Haringvliet, Korendijk/Oostflakkee, Zuid-Holland (H J M Baptist, H F van der Lee, G L Ouweneel), and 11 October, Hompelvoet, Grevelingen, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland (H J M Baptist, P L Meininger), and 18 October, Ventjagersplaat, Haringvliet (H J M Baptist, P L Meininger) and Kilhaven, Punt van Goeree, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland (H Middelkoop, K Mostert et al), and 20 October, Grevelingen, and 24 October, Ventjagersplaat, Haringvliet (H F van der Lee), adult.
1975 25-26 June, Hompelvoet, Grevelingen, Goedereede, Zuid-Holland, photographed (A van den Berg, J Beijersbergen, R Beijersbergen), and July 1975, Haamstede, Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, and 9 August, Grevelingen, and 23 September, Hompelvoet, Grevelingen (A van den Berg, G Slob), and 14 October, Springersdiep, Grevelingen (A van den Berg, F Mayenburg, G Slob et al), and 6 November, Springersdiep, Grevelingen (H J M Baptist, A van den Berg, L Zwiers), and 18 November, Middelplaten, Veerse Meer, Goes, Zeeland (H J M Baptist), and Grevelingen (A van den Berg, L Zwiers), and 20 November, Grevelingen, and 15 December, Dortsche Biesbosch, Dordrecht, Zuid-Holland (L de Munnik), and 17 December, near Herkingen, Grevelingen, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland (A van den Berg, F Mayenburg, G Slob et al), adult.
These are extensions to the dates and localities mentioned in van der Vliet et al (2003); for the sake of completeness, all known observations of this long-staying bird are listed, including those published before. Apparently, this bird (which was in the company of a Great White Pelican P onocrotalus during the first three weeks of its stay) returned to the south-west of the country in late summer 1976 after its mid-winter visit to south-western Friesland in early January 1976. On 18 November 1975, it was seen at two sites c 25 km apart within just 1.5 h (Enno Ebels in litt); although this may suggest that more than one individual was involved, there is no proof for this assumption. A paper detailing this first record has been prepared for publication in Dutch Birding.

Squacco Heron / Ralreiger
Ardeola ralloides 25 (since 1866),32,1

6-13 June, Kollumerwaard, Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, Friesland, adult, summer plumage (R Cazemier, D Hoekstra et al).
After good years in 2002 and 2003 (both with six records), a 'normal' year. Reports at Korendijkse Slikken, Zuid-Holland, on 6 May, and at Sliedrechtse Biesbosch, Zuid-Holland, on 24-27 May, have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Eurasian Griffon Vulture / Vale Gier
Gyps fulvus 9,54,2

2001 21 May, Tull en 't Waal, Houten, Utrecht, and 22 May, Zaltbommel, Gelderland, two (van der Vliet et al 2002, 2004).
Both records were previously published as concerning three individuals in total but, considering the close proximity in date and location, are now considered to refer to just two birds.

Short-toed Eagle / Slangenarend
Circaetus gallicus 3,15,4

29 May, Strabrechtse Heide, Someren, Noord-Brabant (J E Kikkert); 31 May, Loozerheide, Cranendonk, Noord-Brabant, and Boshoverheide, Weert, Limburg (F Neijts, H Hendriks, R Bouwman et al); 7-31 July, Deelensche Veld, Ede, Gelderland, photographed (A Vink et al); 27 October, IJmeerdijk, Almere, Flevoland, juvenile, photographed (R F J van Beusekom, K A Mauer, T Knol et al; Dutch Birding 26: 416, plate 592, 2004).
2003 9 June to 18 July, Deelensche Veld, Ede, Gelderland, photographed (D Beuker, J de Boer, J van de Louw et al).
A record year: the species now seems to be quite regular in the summer months. The CDNA is faced with many records of fly-bys, of which several were not accepted due to the lack of proper documentation. On the other hand, observers may not be bothered to submit their record, believing it will be rejected. Reports at Leidschendam, Zuid-Holland, on 21 May and at Fochteloërveen, Drenthe/Friesland, on 9-10 July are still in circulation. The following reports have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004): at Sellingen, Groningen, on 1 May; at Westerbork, Drenthe, on 6 May; at Haren, Groningen, on 16 May; near Maashorst, Noord-Brabant, from 31 May to 7 June; between Helmond and Lierop, Noord-Brabant, on 2 June; at Arnhem, Gelderland, on 13 June; at Dwingelderveld, Drenthe, on 14 June; at De Hamert, Limburg, on 5 July; at Engbertsdijksvenen, Overijssel, on 9 July; and at Culemborg, Gelderland, and near Bathmen, Overijssel, on 8 October.

Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief
Circus macrourus 5,18,1

15 April, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen, subadult male, photographed, videoed (R Keizer, J Schelvis, H-J Wight et al).
Other birds were reported at (again) Eemshaven-Oost on 3 April, at Groningen, Groningen, on 17 April and at Maarn, Utrecht, on 26 September, but have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004). A well-observed female-type bird at Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland, on 17-18 May 2001 is being reviewed.

Long-legged Buzzard / Arendbuizerd
Buteo rufinus 1,1,1

9 July, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, second calendar-year, photographed (O Tol, E de Weerd, R Cazemier; Tol 2004; Dutch Birding 26: 286, plate 421, 2004).
Previous records were near Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, on 12 December 1905 (taken into care) and at Praamweg, Flevoland, on 5-10 September 2000. Reports of this species are notoriously difficult to judge; without photographs or video images of sufficient quality, reports will almost always be rejected because size and shape are very difficult to describe accurately, especially when considering the variability in size and coloration of Common Buzzard B buteo.

Lesser Spotted Eagle / Schreeuwarend
Aquila pomarina 3,3,0

2003 2 June, Finsterwolde, Reiderland, Groningen, third or fourth calendar-year, photographed (E Visser; Dutch Birding 25: 278, plate 313, 2003).
This fly-by bird constitutes only the sixth record. Previous records were at Apeldoorn, Gelderland, on 2 May 1855 (collected); at Wehl, Gelderland, on 23 June 1896 (collected); at Eerde, Overijssel, on 3 July 1912 (collected); at Katwijk and Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland, on 15-20 November 1984 (collected on 20 November); and over Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 3 May 1994. A bird collected in 1892, previously accepted as Lesser Spotted Eagle (cf van IJzendoorn et al 1996, van den Berg & Bosman 2001), has recently been re-identified as Greater Spotted Eagle A clanga (see below).

Greater Spotted Eagle / Bastaardarend
Aquila clanga 15,12,0

1892 5 November, Boshoven, Weert, Limburg, collected, photographed, skin retained at Missiemuseum Steyl, Limburg (via J J F J Jansen; Riotte 1922, 1923; Jaarber Club Nederl Vogelk 5: 97, 1915, Natuurh Maandbl 39: 90, 1950).
1959 18 August, Lettele, Diepenveen, Overijssel, immature, collected, skin retained at Brabants Natuurmuseum, Tilburg, Noord-Brabant (via J J F J Jansen;).
The 1892 record becomes the second ever. The first was at Schoonheten, Overijssel, on 27 October 1891. Thanks to the visit of an investigative birder to the museum at Steyl, the true identity of this specimen (previously accepted as Lesser Spotted Eagle A pomarina) has finally been resolved, after more than 100 years! All these years, the supposed identification had been based on a single photograph published in Natuurhistorisch Maandblad. The relatively pale gingery underparts probably induced confusion with Lesser Spotted but are not uncommon in juvenile Greater Spotted Eagle. The 1959 record has previously been published with a wrong date, namely July (cf van IJzendoorn et al 1996, van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Booted Eagle / Dwergarend
Hieraaetus pennatus 0,11,1

29 April, Alphen aan den Rijn, Zuid-Holland, pale morph (J van 't Bosch, B de Lange, E van der Burg).
2003 19 June, Plasserwaard, Wageningen, Gelderland (N L M Gilissen).
The 2003 record was already mentioned in van der Vliet et al (2004) but with a wrong location, municipality and province. Four reports, at Dirksland, Zeeland, on 27 April and near Cranendonk, Noord-Brabant, on 1 May, and, from earlier years, at Heesch, Noord-Brabant, on 25 May 2001 and also near Cranendonk, on 3 June 1996 are still in circulation. Other reports have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004): at Verdronken land van Saeftinghe, Zeeland, on 17 May, at Loenderveensche Plas, Utrecht, on 6 June, and at Leiden, Zuid-Holland, on 7 July.

Gyr Falcon / Giervalk
Falco rusticolus 4,2,1

13 November, Holwerd, Dongeradeel, Friesland, photographed (D M Brinkhuizen, E de Weerd, P W van Wetter; Brinkhuizen et al 2004a; Dutch Birding 26: 433, plate 611, 2004), and 19-20 December, Tibma, Dongeradeel, Friesland, juvenile, dark morph, photographed (A Hidding, E Douwma, O Tol; Douwma & Tol 2005; Dutch Birding 27: 83, plate 100, 2004).
This bird was very elusive and could not be twitched. It is still under investigation whether one bird or two were involved; for the time being, it is regarded here as one. Previous records were in October 1849, December 1864, December 1900, December 1909, January-April 1987 and March 1998. The 1909 and 1998 birds were white morphs, all others were dark morphs.

Little Crake / Klein Waterhoen
Porzana parva 36,10,1

20 May to 13 June, Beuven, Strabrechtse Heide, Someren, Noord-Brabant, singing, sound-recorded (J-E Kikkert, R Kastelijn, R Verbraak et al).
The second record for this millennium; the previous was on 31 August 2002 at Piaam, Friesland. Since 1980, there are 11 records, with one in April, five in May, two in June, two in August and one in September.

Baillon's Crake / Kleinst Waterhoen
Porzana pusilla 82,33,2

22 June to 18 August, Lentevreugd, Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland, maximum of two (on 6-10 July), adult male, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (M Wielstra, T J C Luijendijk, B van den Boogaard et al).
2001 5 June, Bergumermeer, Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, singing, sound-recorded (R Hovinga).
1972 31 May to 23 June, Groote Moost, Heythuysen, Limburg, two, singing, sound-recorded, two nests found (one containing two damaged eggs on 23 June) (E J van IJzendoorn, J W de Roever; van Seggelen 1999).
The 1972 record was already mentioned in Tekke (1974) and van den Berg & Bosman (2001) but with the wrong location (De Peel), municipality (Deurne) and province (Noord-Brabant) (Justin Jansen in litt).

Little Bustard / Kleine Trap
Tetrax tetrax 32,10,0

1988 14 April, Vreedepeel, Venray, Limburg, female (F Aelberts, F Wildenkamp).
This record was already accepted for Vliegbasis De Peel, Gemert-Bakel, Noord-Brabant, but is now known to have also been seen on the other side of the provincial border in Limburg (Justin Jansen in litt).

Great Bustard / Grote Trap
Otis tarda -,68,0

A tame female stayed near Borculo, Gelderland, on 1-8 December (Birding World 17: 495, 2004, Dutch Birding 27: 64, plate 70, 2005). It was wearing a pink colour ring with inscription 'H' and a neck strap with transmitter and was traced as a bird reared in captivity in Brandenburg, Germany, from an egg taken in the wild. On the last date, it was taken into care and returned to Brandenburg. Because the bird was reared in captivity, it is not acceptable for the Dutch list. The most recent records are singles in January and February 1997.

Stone-curlew / Griel
Burhinus oedicnemus -,40,4

3 May, Willeskop, Oudewater, Utrecht, photographed (G Abel, A Boele, G Blom et al); 8-19 May, De Banken, 's-Gravenzande, Westland, Zuid-Holland, photographed, videoed (J Duindam, E B Ebels, M Plomp et al); 7 July, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland, adult, photographed (P A Wolf, M Hoekstein, P L Meininger et al; Dutch Birding 26: 348, plate 496, 2004); 24-25 October, Verdronken land van Saeftinghe, Hulst, Zeeland, photographed (H Castelijns, W Vankerkhoven).
1975 2 May, Ohé en Laak, Maasbracht, Limburg, collected, photographed, mounted specimen at Heemkundig Museum, Echt, Limburg, transferred to Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum/Naturalis, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, on 12 November 2005 (via J J F J Jansen).
A report of a bird sound-recorded at De Blocq van Kuffeler, Flevoland, on 26 April 1998 has been withdrawn by the observer. It is now believed that the recorded calls may have been a little-known alarm call of Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis, which bears an uncanny resemblance to the wailing call of Stone-curlew. For 2004, a record number of reports have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004): near Vrouwenpolder, Zeeland, on 21 March; near Sibbe, Limburg, on 15 April; at Hoog-Buurloo, Gelderland, on 15 May; at Westkapelle, Zeeland, on 1 September; and at Ooijpolder, Gelderland, on 8 October. The 1975 record (of a bird that collided with a car) concerns a correction of the date, which was previously published as 1 May 1975 (Justin Jansen in litt; contra Ganzevles et al 1985, van den Berg & Bosman 2001).

Cream-coloured Courser / Renvogel
Cursorius cursor 2,1,0

1909 20 November, Faan, Niekerk, Grootegast, Groningen, male, collected, photographed, skin retained at Centrum Natuur en Ambacht Schoonewelle at Zwartsluis, Overijssel (via M Plomp, A de Bruin; Jaarb Ned Ornithol Ver 7: 54, 1910, Levende Nat 32: 299, 1928).
This record was rejected during the revision of the Dutch list (van IJzendoorn et al 1996) because the skin could not be relocated; it has now been recovered in a small museum and the record has been re-instated on the Dutch list. The correct date according to the label appears to be 20 November 1909, not 30 November as given by van IJzendoorn et al (1996). The other records are from 18 October 1933 (collected) and 3-21 October 1986.

Greater Sand Plover / Woestijnplevier
Charadrius leschenaultii 1,6,1

16 September, Battenoord, Oostflakkee, Zuid-Holland, adult, winter plumage, photographed (P A Wolf et al; Dutch Birding 26: 341, plate 482, 2004).
The eighth record (contra van Dongen et al 2004), involving a bird that only stayed for two hours. Previous records were at Ouddorp, Zuid-Holland, on 20 July 1977; on Terschelling, Friesland, on 18-27 August 1984; at Den Oever, Noord-Holland, on 7-30 August 1985; on Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 10 August 1993; at Westplaat, Zuid-Holland, on 4 September 1994; on Texel, Noord-Holland, from 31 July to 2 August 1996; and at Oostvaardersdijk, Flevoland, on 23-27 June 2001.

American Golden Plover / Amerikaanse Goudplevier
Pluvialis dominica 1,14,2

12 January to 12 February, Grijpskerke, Veere, Zeeland, first-winter, photographed (M Hoekstein, P A Wolf, C Beeke et al; Dutch Birding 26: 143, plate 210, 2004); 12 August, Zuidhorn, Groningen, second calendar-year, ringed (K Koopman).
The bird at Grijpskerke stayed in the same general area as a Pacific Golden Plover P fulva (see below) but both were seen simultaneously on just a few occasions. A report at Breskens, Zeeland, on 29 May has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Pacific Golden Plover / Aziatische Goudplevier
Pluvialis fulva 9,21,1

14 January to 21 February, Grijpskerke, Veere, Zeeland, first-winter, photographed, videoed (L J R Boon, A van Gilst, M Berlijn et al; Dutch Birding 26: 143, plate 211, 2004).
2002 6 July, Mokbaai, Texel, Noord-Holland, adult (P Duin, M C Witte, A Wassink).
This 2004-bird stayed in the same general area as the American Golden Plover (see above) and constitutes the first January record, which leaves only May and June as months without records. The best month is July with 10 records. A report at Slikken van Flakkee, Zeeland, on 26 June has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Red-necked Stint / Roodkeelstrandloper
Calidris ruficollis 0,3,1

6 July, Slikken van Flakkee, Dirksland, Zuid-Holland, adult, summer plumage, photographed (P A Wolf, R van Loo, M Hoekstein et al; Wolf 2004; Birding World 17: 279, 2004, 18: 26, 2005, Dutch Birding 26: 263, plate 381, 285, plate 420, 2004).
The fourth record of this Asian stint. It was found in an area off-limits to the ordinary birder. The excellent photographs did not ease the pain, of course, although they gave good opportunities to study its summer plumage in detail. Previous records were at Lauwersmeer, Groningen, on 29 May 1987, on Texel, Noord-Holland, on 25 July 1996, and at Oud-Beijerland, Zuid-Holland, on 4 July 1998. In Britain, there are now six records. Concerning other rare stints Calidris, up to and including 2003, Britain has two records of Long-toed Stint C subminuta (none in the Netherlands), 31 of Least Sandpiper C minutilla (none in the Netherlands), nine of Western Sandpiper C mauri (none in the Netherlands) and 74 of Semipalmated Sandpiper C pusilla(six in the Netherlands up to 2004).

White-rumped Sandpiper / Bonapartes Strandloper
Calidris fuscicollis 1,18,5

21-23 May, Heerenven, De Hamert, Arcen en Velden, Limburg, adult, summer plumage, photographed, videoed (H Alards, H van der Borg, J J F J Jansen et al; Dutch Birding 26: 276, plate 408, 2004); 12-15 July, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult, summer plumage, photographed (M Berlijn, R Lekkerkerk, D M Brinkhuizen et al; Dutch Birding 26: 351, plate 506, 2004); 24 July, Polder Breebaart, Delfzijl, Groningen, adult, summer plumage moulting to winter plumage (B-J Prak, A Boven, E Klunder et al); 24-26 July, Kinseldam, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, adult, summer plumage moulting to winter plumage (K de Vries, B Jacobs, R Altenburg et al); 31 July to 1 August, Westhoek, het Bildt, Friesland, adult, summer plumage, photographed (S Bernardus, R Cazemier et al).
A good year with five birds, approaching the record six in 2001. The bird at De Hamert, Limburg, is the first inland and first spring record. Reports on Terschelling, Friesland, on 1 August, and again at Ezumakeeg on 14 August, have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Stilt Sandpiper / Steltstrandloper
Calidris himantopus 0,2,1

9-17 May and 26 June to 12 July, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, probably first-summer, photographed, videoed (P M A van der Wielen, M Berlijn, P Palmen et al; van der Wielen & Ebels 2004, van der Wielen 2005; Birding World 17: 193, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 276, plate 409, 2004, 27: 255, plate 309-310, 2005).
The third record of this extremely rare Nearctic wader. Previous records were at Rhenen, Utrecht, on 24 July 1998 and at Camperduin and 't Zand, Noord-Holland, on 22-24 July 2000. Timing suggests that these birds were not direct transatlantic vagrants but had crossed the Atlantic Ocean in a previous autumn, or - possibly - had taken an alternative route.

Buff-breasted Sandpiper / Blonde Ruiter
Tryngites subruficollis 3,20,3

25-26 September, Oude Robbengat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, juvenile (R Cazemier, R Hovinga, J Bosma et al); 26 September, Mokbaai (P Duin), and 28 September, De Hemmer, Texel, Noord-Holland, juvenile, photographed (R A van Dijk, E Menkveld, A Wassink et al); 3 October, Kooioerdstuifdijk, Ameland, Friesland, photographed (E Kuiper, M Kuiper). 2003 13 August, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland (R Woudstra et al).
With three records, 2004 is a good year; the best year is 2001 with six.

Great Snipe / Poelsnip
Gallinago media -,23,0

2003 30 September to 1 October, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen, juvenile (D M Brinkhuizen, M Haas, L Davids et al).
For 2004, reports at Rouveen, Overijssel, on 17 May, at Weerribben, Overijssel, on 20-21 May, and at Hazerswoude-Rijndijk, Zuid-Holland, on 6 August, have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Long-billed Dowitcher / Grote Grijze Snip
Limnodromus scolopaceus 0,19,0

30 September to 18 April 2005, Veerse Meer, Oud-Sabbinge, Goes, Zeeland, adult, photographed (G Troost et al).
2003 30 December to 24 April 2004, Veerse Meer, Oud-Sabbinge, Goes, Zeeland, first-winter, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (Birding World 17: 8, 104, 2004).
This is considered to be the returning bird from 2003-04; it was already mentioned in van der Vliet et al (2004). A report at Budel-Dorplein, Noord-Brabant, on 1 May has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Greater Yellowlegs / Grote Geelpootruiter
Tringa melanoleuca 0,2,1

24 May to 1 June, Hilversumse Bovenmeent, Hilversum, Noord-Holland, second calendar-year, photographed, videoed (E H Logtmeijer, P W Logtmeijer, M Berlijn et al; Logtmeijer & Logtmeijer 2004; Dutch Birding 26: 273, plate 402, 284, plate 419, 2004).
Previous records were both in 1995, at Grijpskerke, Zeeland, on 15 January, and a long-staying individual at De Braakman, Zeeland, from 20 April to 26 May and again on 17-18 July. Greater Yellowlegs is, like Stilt Sandpiper, another extreme rarity. In Britain, there are 30 records, up to and including 2003, compared with 21 for Stilt Sandpiper. Other waders have a much poorer track record in the Netherlands, eg, perhaps remarkably, Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius, for which there are only two records but for which there are 129 records in Britain up to and including 2003. Also in Britain, there are 29 records of Solitary Sandpiper T solitaria, which has never been recorded in the Netherlands.

Lesser Yellowlegs / Kleine Geelpootruiter
Tringa flavipes 1,10,4

19 May to 13 November, Scherpenissepolder, Tholen, Zeeland, photographed, videoed (S Lilipaly, P L Meininger, B C Dielissen et al); 20-24 May, Annermoeras, Spijkerboor, Aa en Hunze, Drenthe, photographed, videoed (A de Bruin, B van den Boogaard, S de Bruin et al; Dutch Birding 26: 273, plate 403, 2004); 21 May, Jaap Deensgat, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen (R Winters); 10 August, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen, adult, photographed (M Bot, H Blijlevens, A Boven et al).
2003 8 June, Zoutkamperplaat and Kollumerwaard, Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland, Friesland (S Bernardus, R Cazemier, D Hoekstra).
With four records, 2004 is the best year ever for this elegant Nearctic wader. Reports at Scherpenissepolder, on 10-18 May (presumably the same as the long-staying bird present from 19 May onwards), and at Kampereiland, Overijssel, on 21 June have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004). The 2003 record refers to a bird already accepted for 7-12 June at Jaap Deensgat, Groningen (van der Vliet et al 2004), which was seen flying across the border with Friesland.

Terek Sandpiper / Terekruiter
Xenus cinereus 1,26,4

27 April, Pietersplas, Maastricht, Limburg, adult, summer plumage, photographed, sound-recorded (M Berlijn, T Bakker, G ter Haar); 17 May, Ezumakeeg, Dongeradeel, Friesland, adult, photographed (A van der Linden, K van der Linden, J Dijkhuizen et al); 21-23 May, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland, photographed (S Lagerveld, B Lagerveld, B Woets et al); 28-30 May, Polder Breebaart, Delfzijl, Groningen, adult, summer plumage, photographed (K Koffijberg, W-J B Fontijn, A Boven et al).
With four records, 2004 equals 2003 as the best year (although a report at Den Oever on 27 July 2003 has never been submitted). As numbers of this species increase, the CDNA may soon be forced to search for a new logo...

Wilson's Phalarope / Grote Franjepoot
Phalaropus tricolor 6,14,1

13-17 October, Starrevaart, Leidschendam-Voorburg, Zuid-Holland, first-winter, photographed, videoed (H Hersbach, R Verbeek, A de Groot et al).
Only the third which could be identified as a first-year. The site is c 10 km inland from the North Sea coast.

Franklin's Gull / Franklins Meeuw
Larus pipixcan 0,4,0

18 September, Blauwe Kamer, Rhenen, Utrecht, and Kesteren, Gelderland, and 19-29 September and 16-26 October, Boven-Leeuwen, West Maas en Waal, Gelderland, adult, winter plumage, photographed (H van Oosten, R Vermoolen, M Selverda et al; van Oosten 2004; Dutch Birding 26: 358, plate 514, 2004).
The first record in autumn; the suggestion in van Oosten (2004) that it was most probably a second-winter is not endorsed, since the bird showed all characteristics of an adult in winter plumage. Previous records are from June-July 1987, June 1988, February-March 2000 and July 2002. A report at Velsen, Noord-Holland, on 8 December has only recently been submitted.

Ring-billed Gull / Ringsnavelmeeuw
Larus delawarensis 0,6,1

4 January to 11 March, and 4 August to 9 March 2005, Tiel, Gelderland, adult male, photographed, videoed (C Tims, H Deenen, D Overwater et al; Birding World 17: 57, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 144, plate 212-213, 2004); 27 July to 5 March 2005, Goes, Zeeland (H H Niesen et al; Dutch Birding 26: 350, plate 501, 2004).
2003 13 July to 8 February 2004, Kattendijke and Goes, Goes, Zeeland, adult male, photographed, sound-recorded.
The bird at Goes, Zeeland, returned for its eight consecutive winter while the bird at Tiel returned for its second consecutive winter. A report from 28 February to 25 May at Hoornse Meer and Hoogkerk, Groningen, Groningen, is still in circulation (cf van Dongen et al 2004; Dutch Birding 26: 214, plate 295, 2004).

Baltic Gull / Baltische Mantelmeeuw
Larus fuscus fuscus 0,2,1

16 October, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland, juvenile, wearing colour-ring on left tarsus (white, with black inscription CXVA), photographed (J Walhout, W van den Zandbrink; Dutch Birding 27: 76, plate 94, 2005).
The third record. The bird was ringed as chick in a colony c 50 km south-south-east of Tampere, Finland (Risto Juvaste in litt). The CDNA only accepts birds of proven provenance (ringed as chick on the breeding grounds). Previous records are from Vlieland, Friesland, on 18 December 2001 and from IJmuiden, Noord-Holland, on 20 September 2002. A bird at Beilen, Drenthe, reportedly wearing a Finnish ring, has not (yet) been submitted.

Ross's Gull / Ross' Meeuw
Rhodostethia rosea 1,12,1

20-24 and 27 November, Scheveningen, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, adult, winter plumage, photographed, videoed (V van der Spek, J Folkers, C van Rijswijk et al; van der Spek 2005; Birding World 17: 462, 2004, Dutch Birding 27: 69, plate 76-77, 82, plate 97-99, 2005).
2000 1 January, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult, winter plumage (N F van der Ham). 1999 29 December, Camperduin, Bergen, and Petten and Callantsoog, Zijpe, Noord-Holland, adult, winter plumage (N F van der Ham, G J de Haan, L B Steijn et al).
The bird at Scheveningen was the first twitchable since 1995 and the first twitchable adult. It was very popular, especially on Sunday 21 November when more than 200 birders gathered to see it. The 1999 and 2000 records refer to the same bird.

Elegant Tern / Sierlijke Stern
Sterna elegans 0,0,0

The 'orange-billed tern' observed and photographed at Wassenaarse Slag, Zuid-Holland, on 9 June 2002 and at Camperduin, Noord-Holland, on 10 June 2002 (cf den Outer et al 2002; Dutch Birding 24: 257, plate 228-229, 258, plate 230, 2002) has not been accepted because it did not (seem to) show the full set of 'classic' Elegant Tern characters. Further research into the identity of 'orange-billed terns' showing characters of Elegant Tern in Europe may possibly induce recirculation in the future.

Roseate Tern / Dougalls Stern
Sterna dougallii 3,23,1

13 August, Roggenplaat, Veere, Zeeland, adult, ring read, photographed (P A Wolf; Birding World 17: 328, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 345, plate 490, 2004).
1998 16 June, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult summer (N F van der Ham, G J de Haan).
The Roggenplaat bird was ringed as chick on Rockabill, Dublin, Ireland, on 18 July 2002.

Whiskered Tern / Witwangstern
Chlidonias hybridus 257,101,-

1966 24 April, Steltlopersven, Groote Peel, Asten, Noord-Brabant (H Bult, J Bais, R Goldbach; Limosa 42: 58, 1969).
This record has previously been published for the province of Limburg (cf van den Berg & Bosman 2001) but the bird was actually seen across the border in Noord-Brabant (Justin Jansen in litt), as correctly stated in van Seggelen (1999). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1996.

Black Guillemot / Zwarte Zeekoet
Cepphus grylle 31,46,2

11 September, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, first-winter, photographed (S Rijnbeek, R S A van Bemmelen, M Renders et al; Schoonhoven 2005; Birding World 17: 376, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 415, plate 590, 2004); 20 September to 24 March 2005, West-Terschelling, Terschelling, Friesland, adult, winter plumage moulting to summer plumage, photographed (A Ouwerkerk, B van den Boogaard et al; Dutch Birding 26: 415, plate 591, 2004, 27: 72, plate 81, 2005).
Reports at Camperduin, Noord-Holland, on 6 February 2003 and 29 July 2004 have only recently been submitted; birds at Westkapelle, Zeeland, on 30 September and on Terschelling, Friesland, on 5 and 8 October have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Great Spotted Cuckoo / Kuifkoekoek
Clamator glandarius 7,10,0

2003 14 April, Oelemars, Losser, Overijssel, first-summer (J H M Schasfoort, H Gilbers).
The first since 1995.

Tengmalm's Owl / Ruigpootuil
Aegolius funereus -,7,1

2 April, Hoogeveen, Drenthe, picked up alive, photographed (W Pannekoek).
The bird was taken into care and died the next day. This species remains a major rarity, with the last long-staying singing bird in 1999.

Alpine Swift / Alpengierzwaluw
Apus melba 7,35,2

20 April, De Geul, Texel, Noord-Holland, photographed (P Duin, H Verdaat, R Pop et al; Dutch Birding 26: 214, plate 294, 2004); 13 June, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland (P A Wolf).
Reports at Deventer, Overijssel, on 15 July and near Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, on 19 July have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Grey-headed Woodpecker / Grijskopspecht
Picus canus 1,3,1

5-12 June, Beegderheide, Beegden, Heel, Limburg, male (J Hannen, N Reneerkens, T Cuypers et al).
The long-staying male at Oosterbeek, Gelderland, present from May 2000 to at least 2 June 2003 (cf van der Vliet et al 2004) was not reported in 2004.

Greater Short-toed Lark / Kortteenleeuwerik
Calandrella brachydactyla 3,28,1

6 May, Zweefvliegveld, Castricum, Noord-Holland, photographed (E Eggenkamp). 2003 30-31 May, Vuurtorenvlakte, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, photographed (W L Janse, R de Beer, H Janse et al; Dutch Birding 25: 278, plate 316, 2003); 3 June, Slufter, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, photographed (B Huijzers, P L Meininger, S Lilipaly et al).
The 2003 records refer to two different birds on basis of the photographs. For 2004, the following reports - mostly or all fly-bys - have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004): at Breskens, Zeeland, on 16 April; at Katwijk aan Zee, Zuid-Holland, on 27 April; at Eemshaven-Oost, Groningen, on 4 May; at Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, on 8 May; again at Katwijk aan Zee, on 10 May; on Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 3 September; at Maasvlakte, Zuid-Holland, on 4 September; and yet again at Katwijk aan Zee, on 11 September.

Red-rumped Swallow / Roodstuitzwaluw
Hirundo daurica 2,64,16

15 April, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen (B-J Prak, D Hoekstra); 15 April, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland, two, photographed (H Zevenhuizen, P A Wolf, N van Duivendijk et al); 18-21 April, Ringselven, Budel-Dorplein, Cranendonk, Noord-Brabant, maximum of three (three on 19 April, two on 20 April), photographed (R Brinkhof, H Hendriks, F Neijts et al; Dutch Birding 26: 214, plate 293, 2004); 19 April, Polder Maltha, Werkendam, Noord-Brabant (J Dijkhuizen, A de Jong, H de Waard et al); 26 April, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (P A Wolf, S Lilipaly, K Verbanck et al); 27 April, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland, two (S De Sager, N Selosse, P L Meininger et al); 27 April, Rottumerplaat, Eemsmond, Groningen (R Hovinga, M Heegstra); 28 April, Rottumerplaat, Eemsmond, Groningen (R Hovinga, M Heegstra); 29 April, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen, (M Bot, H Blijleven, J Bosma); 29 April, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland, two (M Bot, H de Waard); 22 May, Ohé en Laak, Maasbracht, Limburg (N Reneerkens).
2003 15 April, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (N Selosse, L Scalabre, S Lilipaly et al); 21 April, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen (R Offereins, A de Bruin, E Koops et al); 4 May, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (N Selosse, C Gruwier, K Verbanck et al).
The best year ever, beating 2003 when 12 individuals were accepted (including those listed here). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 2005.

Olive-backed Pipit / Siberische Boompieper
Anthus hodgsoni 0,13,1

3-6 October, Badweg, Vlieland, Friesland, photographed (N L M Gilissen, B de Bruijn, J van der Laan et al).
2003 5 November, Kennemerstrand, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, sound-recorded (M S Robb).
As with a previous record in January-February 1991, when two birds stayed near Noordwijk, Zuid-Holland, the Vlieland bird was observed foraging on the forest floor in pine woodland, reminiscent of the winter habitat of this species. Another report on Vlieland, at Lange Paal on 3 October, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Ashy-headed Wagtail / Italiaanse Kwikstaart
Motacilla cinereocapilla 0,0,0

A male of presumably this species at Makkum, Friesland, on 2-11 May is still in circulation (cf Nieuwstraten 2004; Dutch Birding 26: 221, plate 303-304, 2004)

Thrush Nightingale / Noordse Nachtegaal
Luscinia luscinia 7,46,3

23 May to 15 June, Den Andel, Winsum, Groningen, singing, sound-recorded (J de Koning, M Jonker, D M Brinkhuizen et al); 29 May to 13 June, Klein Ulsda, Winschoten, Groningen, singing, sound-recorded (B-J Prak, M Jonker, W-J B Fontijn et al); 9 September, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, first-winter, ringed, photographed, sound-recorded (C van Deursen, A van Aken, H Akkerman et al).
2003 24 August, Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, first-winter, ringed, photographed (P van Eijk, F J Koning, P Veel).
The August and September records are only the 10th and 11th for the autumn, all concerning trapped birds, except for a single field record in September 1983.

Red-spotted Bluethroat / Roodsterblauwborst
Luscinia svecica svecica 24,37,1

27-28 May, Rottumerplaat, Eemsmond, Groningen, male (R Hovinga, D Hoekstra, R Cazemier).
A typical date and a typical location. A long-staying singing male at Ooijpolder, Gelderland, from 18 April to 6 June is still in circulation (cf Dutch Birding 26: 278, plate 412, 2004).

* Eastern Black Redstart / Oosterse Zwarte Roodstaart
Phoenicurus ochruros phoenicuroides 0,1,0

2003 21-23 October, Zuidpier, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, first-winter male, photographed, videoed (L B Steijn, S Radstaak, A B van den Berg et al; cf Steijn 2003, 2005; Birding World 17: 35, 2004, Dutch Birding 25: 419, plate 488, 433, plate 512, 442, plate 521, 2003, 27: 171, plate 212, 172, plate 213, 184, plate 222, 194, plate 245, 2005).
The first record of this taxon. It was present for three midweek days only (and twitchable on only two), yet gave many birders the opportunity to study this Asian redstart.

Siberian Stonechat / Aziatische Roodborsttapuit
Saxicola maurus 9,21,1

17 October, Egmond aan Zee, Bergen, Noord-Holland, first-winter female, photographed (L Edelaar).
2000 16-17 December, Oostvoorne, Westvoorne, Zuid-Holland, first-winter male, photographed, videoed (N van Swelm, A Geilvoet, T J C Luijendijk et al).
The 2000 record was the first for December. The 2004 record is the first since 2000. In the new millennium, this species has suddenly become very rare. In 1990-2000, it was recorded almost annually, with peak years being 1995 and 1996, both with four records; 1977 is still the best year, with four records concerning six individuals. After review of the spring records, a female observed at Zandoerle, Veldhoven, Noord-Brabant, on 19 March 1981 has been rejected (see Rejected records); the other two in spring (a male at Planken Wambuis, Gelderland, on 18-22 April 1998 and a female at Breezanddijk, Friesland, on 2-3 May 1998) remain accepted.

Pied Wheatear / Bonte Tapuit
Oenanthe pleschanka 0,9,2

16 October, Paal 19, Terschelling, Friesland, first-winter female, photographed (E van Winden, A Ouwerkerk; Dutch Birding 26: 418, plate 595, 2004); 28 October to 2 November, Paal 7, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, first-winter male, photographed, videoed (H Ruissen, E Jansen, A J van Loon et al; Dutch Birding 26: 419, plate 596-597, 2004).

* Western Black-eared Wheatear / Westelijke Blonde Tapuit
Oenanthe hispanica 0,1,1

30 October to 28 November, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen, first-winter female, photographed, videoed (J G Bosma, M P Olthoff, R Cazemier et al; Bosma & Ebels 2004, Schoonhoven 2005, Zekhuis et al 2005; Birding World 17: 459, 2004, 18: 33, 2005, Dutch Birding 26: 403, plate 573, 418, plate 594, 2004, 27: 311, plate 381-382, 312, plate 383-384, 2005).
2001 11 May, Lies, Terschelling, Friesland, first-summer male, photographed (M Zekhuis, A Ouwerkerk et al; Zekhuis et al 2005; Dutch Birding 23: 237, plate 271, 2001, 27: 309, plate 379-380, 2005).
After review of all records of 'black-eared wheatear' O hispanica/melanoleuca, these two are now accepted as the first and second Western Black-eared Wheatear. The bird on Terschelling was seen only briefly by up to four observers but the one at Eemshaven stayed for almost a month, giving many birders enough time to study this Mediterranean wheatear.

Desert Wheatear / Woestijntapuit
Oenanthe deserti 1,9,0

1997 11-17 November, Verdronken land van Saeftinghe, Hulst, Zeeland, first-winter female, photographed, videoed (E Van Bogaert, W Deloddere, G Heyrman et al).
This corrects Wiegant et al (1999) in which the finders were wrongly credited.

White's Thrush / Goudlijster
Zoothera aurea 11,4,2

1 October, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, videoed (M S Robb, M Berlijn, S van de Water et al; Robb & Winters 2004); 4-5 October, Groene Glop, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, ringed, photographed, videoed (L Oudejans, H Bouwmeester, K van Kleef et al; Robb & Winters 2004; Dutch Birding 26: 404, plate 575, 430, plate 609, 2004).
A record year. The bird at IJmuiden was the first ever to be twitchable. It flew some distances but eventually returned to the spot where it was first found. During these flight sessions, the bird showed all diagnostic field marks to the birders present. However, only a lucky few managed to see the bird on the ground. Record numbers were also reported elsewhere in western Europe in autumn 2004, with at least six reports from Britain. There are now 17 records, of which only three were not trapped or found dead or injured. For 2004, three reports are still in circulation: near Doornenburg, Gelderland, on 3 October, at Westduinpark, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, on 9 October, and again at Westduinpark on 10 October, while a report on Vlieland, Friesland, also on 3 October, has not (yet) been submitted (cf Robb & Winters 2004). The CDNA has now received several reports of thrushes for which the observer(s) only describe the underwing pattern of their bird, which should in their opinion establish the identity of their bird as White's Thrush beyond doubt. However, the CDNA wants to point out that a description of only this body part insufficiently rules out other thrush species, and hence will lead to rejection of the report.

Cetti's Warbler / Cetti's Zanger
Cettia cetti -,67,-

2003 19 July to 17 August, Kromslootpark, Almere, Flevoland, adult, ringed, photographed (C J Breek, A H V Eggenhuizen et al); 18 September, Lauwersoog, De Marne, Groningen, ringed (J T Hendriksma); 27 September, Castricum, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed (G O Keijl et al); 12 October to 9 November, Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed (P van Eijk, H Vader, T van Spanje et al).
The ring of a bird ringed at Castricum, Noord-Holland on 14 April 2003 (van der Vliet et al 2004) was found in a pellet of a Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus at Vooroever, Wervershoof, Noord-Holland, on 4 June 2004 (Laurens van der Vaart in litt). This species is no longer considered since 1 January 2004 but the CDNA still welcomes records before this date.

Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler / Siberische Sprinkhaanzanger
Locustella certhiola 0,4,1

30 September, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, first-winter, ringed, photographed, sound-recorded (A van Aken, H Akkerman, E J Maassen et al; Dutch Birding 26: 422, plate 602, 2004).
The first record away from the 'usual' site at Castricum, Noord-Holland, where the previous four were ringed. One may wonder how many go unnoticed in the numerous reed beds in the Netherlands. All records fall between 12 September and 5 October.

River Warbler / Krekelzanger
Locustella fluviatilis 6,29,7

28 May to 17 June, Plaggenmars, Dalfsen, Overijssel, maximum of two (one on 17 June), singing, photographed (H Hupkens, M Zekhuis, S Bot et al); 29 May to 4 June, 't Twiske, Oostzaan, Noord-Holland, singing, sound-recorded, videoed (E Tanger, F Markesteijn, G van Duin et al); 30 May to 7 June, Hellum, Slochteren, Groningen, singing, sound-recorded (F de Jong, M Jonker, B-J Prak et al); 1-15 June, De Wieden, Steenwijk, Overijssel, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (R Messemaker, S Bot, A Kant et al; Dutch Birding 26: 279, plate 415, 2004); 7-16 June, De Mors, Ootmarsum, Dinkelland, Overijssel, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (H A Meek, C Derks, R de By et al); 12-20 June, Hoogkerk, Groningen, Groningen, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (M P Olthoff, R Cazemier, M Jonker et al).
The best year ever. May and June are the best months, with records almost exclusively concerning singing birds. There are only three autumn records, of which two were found dead and one was trapped. Therefore, the chance to find one in the field in autumn looks virtually nil.

Melodious Warbler / Orpheusspotvogel
Hippolais polyglotta 2,40,5

13-31 May, Bergerheide, Nieuw-Bergen, Bergen, Limburg, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (H van Diek, R Felix, T Bakker et al; Dutch Birding 26: 279, plate 414, 2004); 20 May to 5 July, Vloeivelden, Ter Apel, Vlagtwedde, Groningen, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (A de Bruin, S de Bruin, M Jonker et al); 3 June, Vliegbasis, Gilze en Rijen, Noord-Brabant, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (R Felix, M Boonman, H Heymans); 11-16 June, Sint Geertruid, Valkenburg aan de Geul, Limburg, singing, photographed (R Schols et al; Schoonhoven 2005; Birding World 17: 238, 2004); 12 June to 4 July, Scheerwolde, IJsselham, Overijssel, singing (R Winters, P Los, L Steen et al).
2004 is the last year in which this species is considered by the CDNA. Reports at Reusel, Noord-Brabant, on 23 July 1998, and at Terziet, Limburg, from 22 June to 4 July 2004, are still in circulation. Reports at Loon op Zand, Noord-Brabant, from 10 May to 26 June and of one or two birds at Groesbeek, Gelderland, 'some weeks before 27 June', have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Paddyfield Warbler / Veldrietzanger
Acrocephalus agricola 1,13,0

2003 29 May, Kampereiland, Kampen, Overijssel, ringed, photographed (A van den Berg, F J de Roder, S Benedictus); 2 October, Castricum, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed (G O Keijl et al; Dutch Birding 25: 427, plate 498, 2003).
The May record is the first in spring. All other records fall between 12 August and 23 October, with two in August, six in September and five in October. 2003 is now the best year with four records, all trapped during ringing activities.

Blyth's Reed Warbler / Struikrietzanger
Acrocephalus dumetorum 0,6,0

2003 30 September, Castricum, Noord-Holland, first-winter, ringed, photographed, videoed (A Wijker, H Levering, H Glorie et al; Dutch Birding 25: 434, plate 514, 2003); 25-31 October, Holle Poarte, Makkum, Wûnseradiel, Friesland, photographed, sound-recorded (S Bernardus, J Bisschop, M S Robb et al).
The second and third autumn record. Previous records are from Lelystad, Flevoland, on 26 June 1990 (ringed); Walem, Limburg, from 20 June to 1 July 1996 (singing); Laagraven, Utrecht, from 14 June to 23 July 1998 (singing male paired with Marsh Warbler A palustris); and Kennemerduinen, Noord-Holland, on 17 October 2001 (ringed). A bird photographed at Stortemelk, Vlieland, Friesland, on 28-30 September 2003 is still in circulation (Dutch Birding 25: 430, plate 503, 2003). An Acrocephalus warbler ringed and photographed on Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 29 July 2004 and initially reported as Blyth's Reed Warbler (cf Dutch Birding 26: 352, plate 507, 2004), is, after close study of measurements and photographs, now considered to be a hybrid (André van Loon in litt).

Booted Warbler / Kleine Spotvogel
Acrocephalus caligatus 0,10,0

The identification of a field record at De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, on 19 September 1995 has been confirmed after review.

* Sykes's Warbler / Sykes' Spotvogel
Acrocephalus rama 0,1,0

1986 11 October, Kromslootpark, Almere, Flevoland, ringed, photographed (C J Breek, K A Mauer et al; Dutch Birding 9: 41, plate 29, 1987).
This bird was previously accepted as Booted Warbler A caligatus. However, most plumage and structural characteristics fit Sykes's Warbler better than Booted. The tail seems rather short for Sykes's but the central tail-feathers appeared to be growing on this bird 'and this surely contributes to the slightly shorter-than-normal looking tail' (Lars Svensson in litt). A paper detailing this first record has been prepared for publication in Dutch Birding.

Dartford Warbler / Provençaalse Grasmus
Sylvia undata 1,4,2

30 November and 19 December, Westkapelle, Veere, Zeeland, adult male (R Sponselee, T Koppejan); 29 December to 12 February 2005, Dwingelderveld, Westerveld, Drenthe, adult male, photographed, sound-recorded (E Bernardus, P W van Wetter, E de Weerd et al; Dutch Birding 27: 76, plate 91, 2005).
The first year with more than one record. All records are from mid-October to early April and of birds staying from at least two days to up to 45 days.

Western Subalpine Warbler / Westelijke Baardgrasmus
Sylvia cantillans cantillans/inornata 2,2,1

3-6 October, Oostervallei, Vlieland, Friesland, adult male, photographed (N L M Gilissen, H Zevenhuizen, J Folkers et al; Dutch Birding 26: 420, plate 598, 2004).
Based on call, it was accepted as belonging to the subspecies cantillans or inornata. This is only the second autumn record of Subalpine Warbler. The first autumn record is from Texel, Noord-Holland, on 7 October 1973 (there is also a mid-summer record at Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland, on 18 July 1999). For 2004, a report at Wassenaarse Slag, Zuid-Holland, on 6 May has not (yet) been submitted while a report at Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, on 28 May, is still in circulation (cf van Dongen et al 2004). Numbers exclude all Subalpine Warblers not identified to subspecies (38) and one accepted as Moltoni's Warbler S c moltonii.

Orphean Warbler / Orpheusgrasmus
Sylvia hortensis/crassirostris 0,0,0

The bird present at Middelburg, Zeeland, from 29 October to 5 November 2003 is still in circulation (cf Wolf 2003; Birding World 16: 420, 2003, 17: 37, 2004, Dutch Birding 25: 420, plate 490, 444, plate 522, 2003, 26: 71, plate 126, 2004).

* Siberian Whitethroat/Desert Whitethroat / Siberische Braamsluiper/Woestijnbraamsluiper
Sylvia curruca halimodendri/minula 0,1,0

2003 23 November to 1 December, Katwijk aan den Rijn, Katwijk, and Westpark, Rijnsburg, Zuid-Holland, photographed, videoed (C Zuyderduyn, E B Ebels, B van den Boogaard et al; Zuyderduyn 2004; Birding World 16: 456, 2003, Birdwatch 13 nr 139: 63, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 83, plate 142-143, 2004).
This bird showed characters of the Central Asian desert taxa S c halimodendri (Siberian Whitethroat, together with S c blythi) or S c minula (Desert Whitethroat, together with S c margelanica). Possible future rearrangement of the Lesser Whitethroat taxa (combining halimodendri and minula into a single (sub)species) may lead to a more simple classification of this bird than the current heading!

Greenish Warbler / Grauwe Fitis
Phylloscopus trochiloides 6,33,2

31 May, Rottumerplaat, Eemsmond, Groningen (D Hoekstra, R Hovinga, R Cazemier); 3-6 October, Robbenjager, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, photographed, sound-recorded (M S Robb, R E Brouwer, M Berlijn et al; Ornithol Jaarversl Texel 2004: 38, 2005).
1996 17 June, Lanschotse Heide, Oirschot, Noord-Brabant, ringed, photographed (J Wouters).
For 2004, reports at Sint Laurens, Zeeland, on 5-9 June (singing), and on Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, on 8 August (ringed) still circulate, while a report from 2003 has only recently been submitted. Other reports have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004): on Schiermonnikoog on 1-9 June; at Wageningen, Gelderland, on 4 August; at Groningen, Groningen, on 24 August; and at Rolde, Drenthe, on 27 August.

Arctic Warbler / Noordse Boszanger
Phylloscopus borealis 2,14,1

30 September to 1 October, Herdershut, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, photographed, videoed (A Vink, W Janssen, M P Olthoff et al; Dutch Birding 27: 76, plate 89, 2005).
This is the fifth record for this Frisian island, with previous records on 13 September 1976, 10 October 1980, 11 October 1982 and 13 September 2001. This number is still lower than that of Vlieland, another Frisian island, which has records on 19 September 1989, 1 September 1998, 21 September 2000, 22 September 2000, 17 September 2001 and 20 September 2001. A report on 21-22 September 2002 for Vlieland has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2002).

Yellow-browed Warbler / Bladkoning
Phylloscopus inornatus 113,387,-

1965 23 October, Kasteel Nemelaar, Haren, Oss, Noord-Brabant, collected, skin retained at Brabants Natuurmuseum, Tilburg, Noord-Brabant (via J J F J Jansen, cf van Erve et al 1967).
This species is no longer considered since 1 January 1989. There are now exactly 500 records until 1 January 1989, of which (only) 26 were before 1967.

Hume's Leaf Warbler / Humes Bladkoning
Phylloscopus humei 2,26,2

1-14 January, Grou, Boarnsterhim, Friesland, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (G Mensink, M Schulte, M Berlijn et al; Dutch Birding 26: 143, plate 209, 2004); 11-14 November, Reusel, Reusel-De Mierden, Noord-Brabant, ringed, photographed (J Wouters, P Wouters).
2003 11-12 October, De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, photographed (D Kok, J de Bruijn, L B Steijn et al).
The bird at Reusel was seen and heard for a few days before finally being trapped and ringed. The acceptance of another bird for 2003 makes this the best year ever, with six records. The previous best year is 1999 with five. The 2003 record is the earliest ever in autumn, beating one found at almost the same spot on 12 October 1991 by one day.

Dusky Warbler / Bruine Boszanger
Phylloscopus fuscatus 1,38,2

12 October, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, trapped, photographed (H Vonk, H Bouwmeester; Dutch Birding 26: 398, plate 567, 2004); 20 October, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed, sound-recorded (C van Deursen, H Akkerman, A B van den Berg et al; Dutch Birding 26: 423, plate 605, 2004).
2003 5 November, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, ringed, photographed (H van Heiningen); 6 November, Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen, Zandvoort, Noord-Holland, ringed, photographed (M Schalkwijk, H Vader).
The 2004 bird on Vlieland was ringed 10 days earlier, on 2 October 2004, at Björns fyr, Uppland, Sweden (cf Dutch Birding 26: 398, plate 566, 2004). Reports on Vlieland on 17 October and at Maasvlakte, Zuid-Holland, on 30 October have not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Western Bonelli's Warbler / Bergfluiter
Phylloscopus bonelli 2,23,1

31 May, Bleekersvallei, Texel, Noord-Holland, singing, photographed (L B Steijn, J Overbeeke, R Slaterus).
A singing bird sound-recorded at Noord-Ginkel, Gelderland, in late May during the presence of the Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis (see below), has only recently been submitted.

Siberian Chiffchaff / Siberische Tjiftjaf
Phylloscopus collybita tristis -,20,2

2003 28 February to 3 March, ZwolleZ, Overijssel, sound-recorded, videoed (B C Dielissen, P Los).
2002 2-3 November, Brielse Gatdam, ZWestvoorneZ, Zuid-Holland, photographed, sound-recorded (A Vink, D Groenendijk, D Benders et al).
The identification of birds at Spaubeek, Beek, Limburg, on 26 October 1985, at De Cocksdorp, Texel, Noord-Holland, on 14-22 October 1989, at Schiedam, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, on 2-11 April 1995, and at Holle Poarte, Makkum, Wûnseradiel, Friesland, on 20-25 November 2000 have been confirmed after review. These four are the first results of a review of all currently accepted Siberian Chiffchaffs.

Iberian Chiffchaff / Iberische Tjiftjaf
Phylloscopus ibericus 2,11,2

27 April to 6 June, Castricum, Noord-Holland, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (R Reijnders, G O Keijl, J Metselaar et al); 2 May to 16 June, W H Vliegenbos, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, singing, photographed, sound-recorded (N Zijlmans, G van Duin, W van der Waal et al; Dutch Birding 26: 276, plate 406, 2004).
The second year with more than one record (after two in 2002); a third report of a singing bird, at Vinkhuizen, Groningen, Groningen, from 1 May tot 17 June is still in circulation. There are now 15 records, of which five since 2001, perhaps reflecting a true increase.

Collared Flycatcher / Withalsvliegenvanger
Ficedula albicollis 23,7,1

8 May to 27 June, Noord-Ginkel, Ede, Gelderland, adult male, singing, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (B Heeres, A Heeres, G Sleeuwenhoek et al).
This male was very territorial during its stay and was trying to mate with a Pied Flycatcher F hypoleuca. However, it did not produce any offspring.

Lesser Grey Shrike / Kleine Klapekster
Lanius minor 21,16,1

3 June, Hazerswoude-Dorp, Rijnwoude, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed, videoed (L Punt, A de Groot, M van Duijn et al; Dutch Birding 26: 276, plate 411, 2004).
The second consecutive year and, typically, a single-day record. May and June are the best months with 12 and 11 records, respectively. The best years are 1970 and 1998, both with three records. Considering the increase of observer activity in the past decade, a decline is obvious.

Woodchat Shrike / Roodkopklauwier
Lanius senator -,72,-

3 June, Hazerswoude-Dorp, Rijnwoude, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed, videoed (L Punt, A de Groot, M van Duijn et al; Dutch Birding 26: 276, plate 411, 2004).
The second consecutive year and, typically, a single-day record. May and June are the best months with 12 and 11 records, respectively. The best years are 1970 and 1998, both with three records. Considering the increase of observer activity in the past decade, a decline is obvious.

* African Chaffinch / Afrikaanse Vink
Fringilla coelebs africana/spodiogenys 0,2,0

1999 30 April, Eemshaven-Oost, Eemsmond, Groningen, female, sound-recorded (M Jonker, H-J Wight, R Winters et al).
The first record. The identification was almost exclusively based on the sound-recording of the diagnostic call. A report from a male in late 2003 (staying into 2004) is still in circulation (cf Brinkhuizen et al 2004b; cf Dutch Birding 26: 85, plate 144-145, 2004). Totals include the Atlas Chaffinch from April 2003 (see below).

* Atlas Chaffinch / Atlasvink
Fringilla coelebs africana 0,1,0

2003 4-5 April, Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, first-summer male, photographed, videoed (H van der Slot, P Stins, M Berlijn et al; van Dijl 2003; Birding World 16: 146, 492, 2003, 17: 39, 2004, Dutch Birding 25: 198, plate 221, 203, plate 226, 2003).
The second African Chaffinch (see above) and the first to be accepted as the subspecies F c africana, which shows some consistent differences (at least in adult male plumage) from the similar Tunisian Chaffinch F c spodiogenys (cf van den Berg & The Sound Approach 2005, Dutch Birding 27: 395, 2005).

Arctic Redpoll / Witstuitbarmsijs
Carduelis hornemanni exilipes 43,56,0

1996 28 November, Castricum, Noord-Holland, first-winter, ringed, photographed (G O Keijl et al).
The 13th record (totalling 19 birds) for 1996. The best year, however, remains 1975, with 15 records (totalling 20 birds). After 1996, there are only three records: two in 2001 (totalling five birds) and one in 2002 (excluding the presumed Hornemann's Redpoll C h hornemanni in October 2003, see below).

Hornemann's Redpoll / Groenlandse Witstuitbarmsijs
Carduelis hornemanni hornemanni 0,0,0

The report of a bird presumed to belong to this taxon at Huisduinen, Noord-Holland, on 11-15 October 2003 is still in circulation (cf Ebels & Halff 2003; Birding World 16: 455, 2003, Dutch Birding 25: 430, plate 507, 440, plate 519, 2003).

Two-barred Crossbill / Witbandkruisbek
Loxia leucoptera 36,216,2

4 September, Dwingeloo, Westerveld, Drenthe, first-winter, ringed, photographed (K van Eerde); 4 November, Tongeren, Epe, Gelderland, first-winter female, ringed, photographed (K Terpstra).
2002 18 August, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-winter male, ringed, photographed (F Majoor, R Hofland, T M van der Have).

Pine Grosbeak / Haakbek
Pinicola enucleator 3,1,4

15 November, Muziekwijk, Leeuwarden, Friesland, first-winter male, picked up alive, taken into care at Ureterp, Friesland (died on 16 November, skin retained at Natuurmuseum Fryslân, Leeuwarden), photographed (A Hoekstra; van Dijl & Bosma 2004, Bosma et al 2005; Dutch Birding 27: 316, plate 386-387, 2005); 16-20 November, Beijum, Groningen, Groningen, two, adult male and probably adult female, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (J G Bosma, R Cazemier, E B Ebels et al; van Dijl & Bosma 2004, Bosma et al 2005, Schoonhoven 2005; Birding World 17: 461, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 434, plate 612-613, 2004, 27: 74, plate 84, 86, 75, plate 87, 315, plate 385, 318, plate 390-391, 319, plate 392-393, 320, plate 394-395, 321, figure 1-2, 323, plate 396-398, 324, plate 399-401, 326, plate 402, 2005); 16-20 November, Huiswaard, Alkmaar, Noord-Holland, at least one, female-type, photographed (C Seijbel, J Hoedjes; Bosma et al 2005; Dutch Birding 27: 316, plate 388-389, 2005).
The two birds at Beijum became famous, since their presence was covered by several TV and radio stations as well as newspapers. For the Dutch birding scene, it was the first opportunity to see this big finch and almost any birder who could find time travelled north to observe the birds at arm's or even finger's length!

Pine Bunting / Witkopgors
Emberiza leucocephalos 15,17,0

1998 10-15 March, Kooioerdstuifdijk, Ameland, Friesland, male, photographed (D J Moerbeek, S Gardeslen, R Cazemier).
Although already accepted, the information that the bird was photographed is new. A bird ringed at Westenschouwen, Zeeland, in November 2004 is still in circulation.

* Rock Bunting / Grijze Gors
Emberiza cia 0,0,1

30 May, Rottumerplaat, Eemsmond, Groningen, male (R Cazemier, D Hoekstra, R Hovinga).
The first record. The bird stayed for a short period, giving the three birders present just enough time to record the diagnostic field marks and to exclude the possibility of some odd cage-bird. Rottumerplaat is a small island, not accessible for visitors (apart from the warden and his occasional guests).

* Grey-necked Bunting / Steenortolaan
Emberiza buchanani 0,0,1

16 October, Castricum, Noord-Holland, first-winter, ringed, photographed, sound-recorded, videoed (R Reijnders, A Wijker, J Visser et al; Wijker et al 2004; Birding World 17: 412, 2004, Dutch Birding 26: 408, plate 581, 431, plate 610, 2004). Probably the most unexpected and most spectacular record ever for the Netherlands. The birders who trapped the bird noted a long-tailed Ortolan Bunting E hortulana-like bird with an unknown call. After studying the available literature, they came to no other conclusion than that it was a Grey-necked Bunting, a species never recorded before in western Europe. Measurements and coloration of this bird show that it most probably belonged to the subspecies E b neobscura, which originates from eastern Central Asia, western Mongolia and western China (cf Svensson 1992). This subspecies has not been recorded in the Western Palearctic (the subspecies breeding locally in the south-east of the Western Palearctic is E b cerrutii); however, the CDNA thought it unwise to formally accept the bird as E b neobscura because the variation within the various subspecies may not be fully clear.

Rustic Bunting / Bosgors
Emberiza rustica 13,54,2

2 October, Kroonspolders, Vlieland, Friesland, first-winter male, ringed, photographed (G Bochem, L Kelder, C Zuhorn); 19 October, Den Helder, Noord-Holland (M Renden).
1972 29 September, Lies, Terschelling, Friesland, photographed (L J van Gemert).
The 1972 record had previously been rejected after review (cf Scharringa & Osieck 1981, Winkelman 1981, van IJzendoorn et al 1996). Fortunately, a previously unpublished photographed emerged establishing the identity of the bird beyond doubt. For 2004, a report on Texel, Noord-Holland, on 21 October, has not (yet) been submitted (cf van Dongen et al 2004).

Little Bunting / Dwerggors
Emberiza pusilla 27,77,-

2003 28 September, Oost-Vlieland, Vlieland, Friesland (H Zevenhuizen, N van Duivendijk, J de Bruijn).
A different individual as one already accepted for this site and date. This species is no longer considered since 1 January 2004 but the CDNA still welcomes records before this date.

Systematic list of rejected records

This list contains all records not accepted by the CDNA. Records marked with @ were rejected by all committee members in the first or second voting. Most records were rejected because the identification was not fully established (often due to lack of documentation) or when the bird showed signs of captivity, such as dubious rings, excessive wear or aberrant behaviour. Species for which the CDNA unanimously decided that all records up to now refer to birds of captive origin are indicated with *. This includes records of birds of which all ancestors are assumed to be of captive origin (introduced species of British category C).

Greenland White-fronted Goose / Groenlandse Kolgans Anser albifrons flavirostris 10 January, Noordberg, Renkum, Gelderland, adult (@ description incomplete). Hutchins's Canada Goose / Hutchins' Canadese GansBranta hutchinsii hutchinsii 10-25 January, Stad aan 't Haringvliet, Middelharnis, and Den Bommel, Oostflakkee, Zuid-Holland, photographed (@ considered too dark for this taxon). * Lesser Flamingo / Kleine FlamingoPhoenicopterus minor 29 April to 3 May, Zwolle, Overijssel, adult, photographed (@ identification accepted but considered escape). Eurasian Griffon Vulture / Vale Gier Gyps fulvus 3 March, Vreugderijkerwaard, Kampen, Overijssel (@ other Gyps species not sufficiently excluded). Short-toed Eagle / SlangenarendCircaetus gallicus 9 and 15 May, Zoelmond, Buren, Gelderland (@ commas on underwing described, which does not fit this species); 29 May, Tienhoven, Maarssen, Utrecht (description marginally insufficient). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 16 April, Praamweg, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland, adult female (@ description marginally incomplete, eg, head pattern not sufficiently described). Long-legged Buzzard / Arendbuizerd Buteo rufinus 23 May, Zuidwal, Leerdam, Zuid-Holland, immature (@ description incomplete, eg, regarding underwing pattern); 28 August, Sint Laurens, Middelburg, Zeeland (@ description incomplete, eg, regarding underwing-coverts; without photographs or video images to correctly judge size and shape, reports are difficult to accept). Lesser Spotted Eagle / Schreeuwarend Aquila pomarina 8 September, Noorddijk, Groningen, Groningen, adult (@ description incomplete). Golden Eagle / Steenarend Aquila chrysaetos 1 May, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland, subadult (@ description incomplete of a bird seen briefly only through binoculars). Demoiselle Crane / JufferkraanvogelGrus virgo 8-29 April, Blauwe Kamer, Rhenen, Utrecht, and Wageningen, Gelderland (@ identification accepted but uncertain whether it was definitely unringed). Great Bustard / Grote Trap Otis tarda 1-8 December, Borculo, Berkelland, Gelderland, female, photographed (see main text). Stone-curlew / Griel Burhinus oedicnemus6 May, between Nes and Moddergat, Dongeradeel, Friesland (@ poor description). Great Snipe / Poelsnip Gallinago media 28 April, Kamperhoek, Dronten, Flevoland (description incomplete, eg, regarding both tail and upperwing pattern). Laughing Gull / Lachmeeuw Larus atricilla5 April, Bloemendaal aan Zee, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, adult summer (@ description partly wrong for this species, eg, underwing pattern). Bonaparte's Gull / Kleine KokmeeuwLarus philadelphia 20 March, Nes, Ameland, Friesland, adult summer (description marginally insufficient). Alpine Swift / Alpengierzwaluw Apus melba 1 April, Nijmegen, Gelderland (@ description incomplete, eg, regarding details of underparts). Little Swift / Huisgierzwaluw Apus affinis 14 October, Verdronken Zwarte Polder, Sluis-Aardenburg, Zeeland (@ poor description of a potential new species for the Dutch list). European Roller / Scharrelaar Coracias garrulus 14 August, Dwingeloosche Heide, Dwingeloo, Westerveld, Drenthe (@ description incomplete, description of call considered insufficient for acceptance). Caspian Wagtail / Kaspische Kwikstaart Motacilla lutea 23 April, Schoorl, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult male, photographed (@ Yellow Wagtail M flavissima not excluded). * Japanese Waxwing / Japanse Pestvogel Bombycilla japonica 26 September, Kometensingel, Amsterdam-Noord, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, adult female, found dead, photographed, skin retained at Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam (ZMA), Noord-Holland (@ identification accepted but considered escape). Melodious Warbler / Orpheusspotvogel Hippolais polyglotta17 May, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, singing (@ description incomplete). Arctic Warbler / Noordse Boszanger Phylloscopus borealis 13 September, Elburg, Gelderland, ringed (@ poor description does not rule out Willow Warbler P trochilus). Parrot Crossbill / Grote Kruisbek Loxia pytyopsittacus 9 October, Schiermonnikoog, Friesland, adult female, photographed (single photograph of head only insufficient for acceptance; no call heard); 10 October, Vijfhoek, Diemen, Noord-Holland (@ poor description of bird flying by). Pine Grosbeak / Haakbek Pinicola enucleator 17 November, Den Oever, Wieringen, Noord-Holland (@ description of calling bird briefly seen insufficient for acceptance, cf Bosma et al 2005); 29 or 30 November, Heemskerk, Noord-Holland (@ poor description, cf Bosma et al 2005); early December, Leiden, Zuid-Holland (@ no description, cf Bosma et al 2005); 23-24 December, Bunschoten, Utrecht (@ description incomplete, cf Bosma et al 2005).

2003

American Wigeon / Amerikaanse Smient Anas americana 8 December, Neder-Hardinxveld, Hardinxveld-Giessendam, Zuid-Holland, male (@ poor description). Short-toed Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 27 September, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland (description incomplete). Long-legged Buzzard / Arendbuizerd Buteo rufinus 12 October, Elterberg, Spijk, Rijnwaarden, Gelderland, juvenile (description incomplete, eg, regarding underwing-coverts). Lesser Spotted Eagle / Schreeuwarend Aquila pomarina 22 July, Haeselaarsbroek, Echt-Susteren, Limburg, adult (@ description incomplete). Baltic Gull / Baltische MantelmeeuwLarus fuscus fuscus 10 October, Katwijk aan Zee, Katwijk, Zuid-Holland, adult, photographed (@ only ringed birds of proven provenance are considered acceptable). Forster's Tern / Forsters Stern Sterna forsteri 1 June, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, first-summer (@ description incomplete, not ruling out, eg, first-summer Arctic Tern S paradisaea). Ringed Kingfisher / Amerikaanse Reuzenijsvogel Ceryle torquata, 21 March, Laag-Keppel, Hummelo en Keppel, Gelderland, adult female, photographed (@ photographs show Giant Kingfisher Megaceryle maxima, which is considered an escape). Thrush Nightingale / Noordse Nachtegaal Luscinia luscinia 18 September, Kennemerduinen, Bloemendaal, Noord-Holland, ringed (@ poor description; wing length and weight only are not sufficient to exclude Common Nightingale L megarhynchos). White's Thrush / Goudlijster Zoothera aurea 12 October, Lentevreugd and Meijendel, Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland (@ description incomplete of bird seen in flight; van Rossum & Remeeus 2003). Eyebrowed Thrush / Vale Lijster Turdus obscurus 14 September, Zwarte Haan, het Bildt, Friesland, adult male (@ description incomplete). Black-throated Thrush / Zwartkeellijster Turdus ruficollis atrogularis 8 October, Oost-Vlieland, Vlieland, Friesland, adult male (description incomplete of a bird seen very briefly). Cetti's Warbler / Cetti's Zanger Cettia cetti 11 October, Meijendel, Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland, ringed (description incomplete; grey tail is not right for this species). Spanish Sparrow / Spaanse Mus Passer hispaniolensis 4 May, Schinkelbos, Amstelveen, Noord-Holland, male (description incomplete, eg, regarding size and underparts). African Chaffinch / Afrikaanse Vink Fringilla coelebs africana/ spodiogenys 14 April, Praamweg, Oostvaardersplassen, Lelystad, Flevoland, male (description incomplete, call not heard). Rustic Bunting / Bosgors Emberiza rustica 3 October, Wageningen, Gelderland (@ description incomplete of a bird flying by).

2002

Yellow-billed Loon / Geelsnavelduiker Gavia adamsii 11 October, Westerslag, Texel, Noord-Holland, immature (description incomplete). Pallid Harrier / Steppekiekendief Circus macrourus 9 October, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, juvenile (description incomplete). Ivory Gull / Ivoormeeuw Pagophila eburnea 6 July, Ketelmeerdijk, Dronten, Flevoland, videoed (@ video shows albino Common Gull Larus canus canus). Elegant Tern / Sierlijke Stern Sterna elegans 9 June, Wassenaarse Slag, Wassenaar, Zuid-Holland, and 10 June, De Putten, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, summer plumage, photographed (@ see main text). Red-rumped Swallow / Roodstuitzwaluw Hirundo daurica 28 September, Landschotse Heide, Oirschot, Noord-Brabant (description incomplete). * Japanese Waxwing / Japanse Pestvogel Bombycilla japonica 23 October, Zwolle, Overijssel, adult (@ identification accepted but considered escape). House Crow / Huiskraai Corvus splendens 14 July, Marnewaard, Lauwersmeer, De Marne, Groningen, photographed (@ description partly wrong for this species, photograph shows most likely a hybrid Carrion x Hooded Crow C corone x cornix). Arctic Redpoll / Witstuitbarmsijs Carduelis hornemanni 13 February, Burgum (Bergum), Tytjerksteradiel, Friesland, first-winter male, photographed (photographs show Mealy Redpoll C flammea).

2001

Short-toed Eagle / Slangenarend Circaetus gallicus 9 July, Elderveld, Arnhem, Gelderland (description incomplete). Cetti's Warbler / Cetti's ZangerCettia cetti 1 August, Willemstad, Zevenbergen, Noord-Brabant, ringed (description incomplete). Rustic Bunting / Bosgors Emberiza rustica 29 September, IJmuiden, Velsen, Noord-Holland, sound-recorded (sound-recording considered inconclusive, no plumage details observed).

1999

Pied-billed Grebe / Dikbekfuut Podilymbus podiceps 30 May, Huisvennen, Kampina, Boxtel, Noord-Brabant, adult, summer plumage (description sent in by a third party did not convince the CDNA). House Crow / HuiskraaiCorvus splendens 3 May, Breskens, Oostburg, Zeeland (description incomplete).

1998

European Storm-petrel / StormvogeltjeHydrobates pelagicus 16 September, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland (description incomplete, eg, underwing pattern not described). Stone-curlew / Griel Burhinus oedicnemus 26 April, De Blocq van Kuffeler, Almere, Flevoland (withdrawn by observer; see main text). Pectoral Sandpiper / Gestreepte Strandloper Calidris melanotos 13 September, 't Zand, Zijpe, Noord-Holland (description incomplete, even for a date extension).

1997

European Storm-petrel / StormvogeltjeHydrobates pelagicus 5 October, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland (description incomplete, eg, underwing pattern not described). Little Bunting / DwerggorsEmberiza pusilla 26 October, Mulderskop, Heumen, Gelderland (@ description insufficient, seen in flight only).

1996

Ross's Gull / Ross' Meeuw Rhodostethia rosea 20 February, Camperduin, Bergen, Noord-Holland, adult winter (description incomplete, eg, tail shape not sufficiently described). American Black Tern / Amerikaanse Zwarte Stern Chlidonias niger surinamensis 6-26 November, Haringvlietsluizen, Hellevoetsluis, Zuid-Holland, juvenile, photographed (no description; photographs inconclusive).

1993

Cattle Egret / Koereiger Bubulcus ibis28 August, Rhenen, Utrecht, two (@ no description).

1989

Demoiselle Crane / Jufferkraanvogel Grus virgo 25 July, Schaijk, Landerd, and 10-12 September, Asten, Noord-Brabant, adult, two, photographed (rejected after review; identification accepted, but Zoo Animali at Eindhoven, Noord-Brabant, missed two unringed individuals of this species since May 1989, therefore escape potential of the two birds observed in autumn 1989 considered too high; apart from this, one of the two birds missed several primaries in the left wing; cf Berlijn 1991, van den Berg et al 1993).

1984

Sociable Lapwing / Steppekievit Vanellus gregarius 13 to c 30 April, America, Horst aan de Maas, Limburg (@ description sent in by a third party did not convince the CDNA).

1982

Woodchat Shrike / Roodkopklauwier Lanius senator 14 May, Zuiderheide, Laren, Noord-Holland, adult (@ poor description).

1981

Siberian Stonechat / Aziatische RoodborsttapuitSaxicola maurus 19 March, Zandoerle, Veldhoven, Noord-Brabant, female, photographed (@ rejected after review of all spring records of Siberian Stonechat; description incomplete and photograph apparently lost).

1980

Marbled Duck / Marmereend Marmaronetta angustirostris 27-28 September, Bath, Reimerswaal, Zeeland, two (@ poor description; photograph in Slootmaekers & van der Veken (1981) does not necessarily refer to this observation, cf Lippens & Wille (1986)).

1954

Greater Spotted Eagle / BastaardarendAquila clanga 3 January, Bant, Noordoostpolder, Flevoland, photographed (photographs too blurry to confirm identification; cf van IJzendoorn et al 1986).

1892

Lesser Spotted Eagle / Schreeuwarend Aquila pomarina 5 November, Boshoven, Weert, Limburg, collected, photographed (re-identified and accepted as Greater Spotted Eagle A clanga; see main text).

Acknowledgements

We want to thank Jo van der Coelen, Justin Jansen, Gerald Oreel and Erik Van Bogaert for correcting some mistakes from previous reports. The CDNA wants to thank Andrea Corso, Risto Juvaste, Killian Mullarney, Klaus Malling Olsen, Magnus Robb, Lars Svensson and Magnus Ullman for their comments on some records. Enno Ebels took care of the final editing. Tom Barman (and dEUS) is thanked for his inspiration during many nightly hours. Bram Rijksen kindly provided the drawing of the White's Thrush on p 367.

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Roland E van der Vliet, Adenauerlaan 113, 3527 RC Utrecht, Netherlands

Jan van der Laan, Brouwerstraat 19, 1814 HX Alkmaar, Netherlands

CDNA, Postbus 45, 2080 AA Santpoort-Zuid, Netherlands cdna@dutchbirding.nl